sidef-scripts/Math/linear_diophantine_equation.sf

#!/usr/bin/ruby

# Solve in integers the linear Diophantine equation:
#
#   a*x + b*y = n
#
# where a,b,n are given.

# See also:
#   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diophantine_equation
#   https://mathworld.wolfram.com/DiophantineEquation.html

func solve(a, b, c) {

    var (x, y, z) = gcdext(a, b)

    x *= c/z
    y *= c/z

    return (x, y)
}

var tests = [
    [79, 23, 1],
    [97, 43, 1],
    [43, 97, 1],
    [55, 28, 1],
    [42, 22, 2],
    [79, 23, 10],
    [43, 97, 12],
    [97, 43, 12],
]

for a,b,n in tests {
    var (x, y) = solve(a, b, n)

    assert(x.is_int)
    assert(b.is_int)

    assert_eq(a*x + b*y, n)
    printf("#{a}*x + #{b}*y = %2s  -->  (x, y) = (%2s, %2s)\n", n, x, y)
}

say "\n>> Extra tests:"

var a = 43*97
var b = 41*57

for n in ([1, 7, 8, 23, 31, 147, 178, 325, 503, 1834]) {
    var (x, y) = solve(a, b, n)

    assert(x.is_int)
    assert(y.is_int)

    assert_eq(a*x + b*y, n)
    printf("#{a}*x + #{b}*y = %4s  -->  (x, y) = (%5s, %5s)\n", n, x, y)
}

__END__
79*x + 23*y =  1  -->  (x, y) = ( 7, -24)
97*x + 43*y =  1  -->  (x, y) = ( 4, -9)
43*x + 97*y =  1  -->  (x, y) = (-9,  4)
55*x + 28*y =  1  -->  (x, y) = (-1,  2)
42*x + 22*y =  2  -->  (x, y) = (-1,  2)
79*x + 23*y = 10  -->  (x, y) = (70, -240)
43*x + 97*y = 12  -->  (x, y) = (-108, 48)
97*x + 43*y = 12  -->  (x, y) = (48, -108)

>> Extra tests:
4171*x + 2337*y =    1  -->  (x, y) = ( -302,   539)
4171*x + 2337*y =    7  -->  (x, y) = (-2114,  3773)
4171*x + 2337*y =    8  -->  (x, y) = (-2416,  4312)
4171*x + 2337*y =   23  -->  (x, y) = (-6946, 12397)
4171*x + 2337*y =   31  -->  (x, y) = (-9362, 16709)
4171*x + 2337*y =  147  -->  (x, y) = (-44394, 79233)
4171*x + 2337*y =  178  -->  (x, y) = (-53756, 95942)
4171*x + 2337*y =  325  -->  (x, y) = (-98150, 175175)
4171*x + 2337*y =  503  -->  (x, y) = (-151906, 271117)
4171*x + 2337*y = 1834  -->  (x, y) = (-553868, 988526)