sidef-scripts/Math/arithmetic_derivative.sf

#!/usr/bin/ruby

# Daniel "Trizen" Șuteu
# License: GPLv3
# Date: 21 February 2017
# https://github.com/trizen

# Recursive implementation of the arithmetic derivative rule.
#     (with support for rational and negative values)

# See also:
#   https://oeis.org/A003415
#   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arithmetic_derivative

subset Integer  < Number   { .is_int   }
subset Positive < Integer  { .is_pos   }
subset Negative < Integer  { .is_neg   }
subset Prime    < Positive { .is_prime }

func arithmetic_derivative((0)) { 0 }
func arithmetic_derivative((1)) { 0 }

func arithmetic_derivative(_ < Prime) { 1 }

func arithmetic_derivative(n < Negative) {
    -arithmetic_derivative(-n)
}

func arithmetic_derivative(n < Positive) is cached {

    var a = n.factor.rand
    var b = n/a

    arithmetic_derivative(a)*b + a*arithmetic_derivative(b)
}

func arithmetic_derivative(Number n) {
    var (a, b) = n.nude
    (arithmetic_derivative(a)*b - arithmetic_derivative(b)*a) / b**2
}

for n in (-10..20) {
    printf("%2s' = %s\n", n, arithmetic_derivative(n))
}

say "\n=> Other values:"
printf("( 3/4)' = %s\n", arithmetic_derivative(3/4).as_frac)
printf("(24/7)' = %s\n", arithmetic_derivative(24/7).as_frac)
printf("(  7!)' = %s\n", arithmetic_derivative(7!))
printf("( 11#)' = %s\n", arithmetic_derivative(11.primorial))